Measles may now be a permanent resident of the U.S. again, and it might be connected to something that started in Texas

A top health official at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recently said losing the country’s measles-elimination status is “just the cost of doing business with our borders being somewhat porous for global and international travel.” Ralph Abraham, the CDC’s new Principal Deputy Director, made this comment and added that some communities “choose to be unvaccinated. 

That’s their personal freedom.” Public health experts are worried about this casual attitude, especially as measles cases keep rising across the country. South Carolina is now dealing with the biggest outbreak. Local officials have reported 700 infections, and the virus continues to spread fast. 

This outbreak is on track to become larger than last year’s major epidemic in West Texas, which infected at least 762 people starting in January. According to The Atlantic, the U.S. recorded more than 2,200 measles cases in 2025 alone. This is the highest number in a single year since 1991, meaning one of the most contagious viral diseases is becoming a regular threat again.

The virus may have been spreading continuously across the country

Researchers are trying to figure out if the outbreaks in West Texas, Utah, Arizona, and South Carolina are connected. If the virus from the Texas cases has been spreading inside the country’s borders ever since, it means measles has become a permanent resident again after 26 years of only small outbreaks brought in from other countries. 

While these outbreaks could be separate cases from international sources, global health researcher Robert Bednarczyk said that’s “a hard stretch.” The most likely explanation is that the virus spread strongly enough in those communities to travel when infected people went to other parts of the country.

If this continuous spread is confirmed, the Pan American Health Organization plans to remove the U.S.’s official elimination status in April. The country has held this status since 2000, which requires that the virus hasn’t spread for 12 months in a row. 

Scientists have found the same measles strain in Texas, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona, and South Carolina, as well as in Canada and Mexico. Health officials also noted that South Carolina’s outbreak has caused cases as far away as Washington State.

Despite clear signs of widespread spread, the Trump administration is downplaying how serious this is. In November, Jim O’Neill, the acting CDC director and deputy to Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., said that “preliminary genomic analysis suggests the Utah and Arizona cases are not directly linked to Texas.” This dismissal, along with Ralph Abraham’s recent comments, shows national leaders are not worried about losing elimination status. 

HHS Press Secretary Emily G. Hilliard repeated Abraham’s point, saying current outbreaks are “largely concentrated in close-knit, under-vaccinated communities with prevalent international travel that raises the risk of measles importation.” She also said the U.S. still has fewer measles cases than Canada, Mexico, and much of Europe. RFK Jr.’s shifting vaccine position has added to the confusion around the administration’s public health strategy.

Pathogen-genomics expert Pavitra Roychoudhury explained that if measles was spreading continuously, scientists would see slightly different versions of the virus with new mutations as it traveled from Texas to South Carolina. The stakes are high, as measles deaths have returned after a decade without them.

The Trump administration has also made it harder for local health teams to respond. The Department of Health and Human Services delayed communications from the CDC to officials in West Texas and held back federal funds to fight the outbreak for two months.